U.S. History

Enlightenment	An intellectual movement that spread through Europe and America in the eighteenth century. Also known as the Age of Reason, Enlightenment ideals championed the principles of rationalism and logic.
Ernest Hemingway	One of the best-known writers of the 1920s’ “lost generation.” An expatriate, Hemingway produced a number of famous works during the 1920s, including The Sun Also Rises (1926) and A Farewell to Arms (1929).
“Good Neighbor” policy	FDR’s policy toward Latin America, initialized in 1933. He pledged that no nation, not even the U.S., had the right to interfere in the affairs of any other nation
A Century of Dishonor	Written by Helen Hunt Jackson and published in 1881, it attempted to raise public awareness of the harsh and dishonorable treatment of Native Americans at the hands of the United States
Adolph Hitler	Became Chancellor of Germany in January 1933. Hitler led the nation to economic recovery by mobilizing industry for the purposes of war.
Albany Plan	Submitted by Benjamin Franklin to the 1754 gathering of colonial delegates in Albany, New York. The plan called for the colonies to unify in the face of French and Native American threats
Alexander Hamilton	The outspoken leader of the Federalists and one of the authors of The Federalist Papers.
Alger Hiss	Longtime government employee who, in 1948, was accused by Time editor Whitaker Chambers of spying for the USSR.
Alien and Sedition Acts	Passed by Federalists in 1798 in response to the XYZ Affair and growing Republican support
American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU)	Founded in 1920. The ACLU seeks to protect the civil liberties of individuals, often by bringing “test cases” to court in order to challenge questionable laws. In 1925, the ACLU challenged a Christian fundamentalist law in the Scopes Monkey Trial
American Federation of Labor (AFL)	Founded in 1886. The AFL sought to organize craft unions into a federation. The loose structure of the organization differed from its rival, the Knights of Labor, in that the AFL allowed individual unions to remain autonomous.
American System	Crafted by Henry Clay and backed by the National Republican Party. It proposed a series of tariffs and federally funded transportation improvements, geared toward achieving national economic self-sufficiency
Andrew Carnegie	A Scottish immigrant who in 1901 founded Carnegie Steel, then the world’s largest corporation. In addition to being an entrepreneur and industrialist, Carnegie was a philanthropist who donated more than $300 million to charity during his lifetime